There are several treatment options available, depending on the degree of the burn.
There are several treatment options available, depending on the degree of the burn.
First-degree burns affect only the epithelium. The burn site is reddened, slightly swollen and dry. The patient experiences a strong burning sensation. In order to help the wound heal as quickly as possible, it should be immediately covered with a sterile hydrogel dressing (e.g. Medisorb G).
Second-degree burns affect the dermis. The burn wound becomes reddened and blisters form on its surface, which subsequently fill with exudate. Second-degree burns are very painful. Similarly to first-degree burns, immediate application of a sterile hydrogel dressing (e.g. Medisorb G) ensures rapid healing. If the burn is extensive, it must be treated in hospital.
Third- and fourth-degree burns affect the tissues underneath the skin. Connective tissue, blood vessels, muscles and nerves may become damaged. The skin may become waxy, whitish or charred. The patient may not feel any pain due to the destruction of nerve endings. These types of burns require immediate medical attention, sometimes even a skin graft or convalescence in a hyperbaric chamber.
Hypertrophic scarring and joint contractures are common complications of burn wounds. The long healing process can be managed using compression therapy – i.e. scar treatment with compression products (e.g. Codopress®) – combined with silicone dressings (e.g. CodosilTM ADHESIVE).